Journal
MICROBES AND INFECTION
Volume 9, Issue 10, Pages 1176-1187Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2007.05.005
Keywords
Listeria; intracellular pathogen; macrophage; pore-forming activity; regulation; transcription; translation; degradation; phagosomal escape; toxicity; pathogenesis; virulence
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Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI027655, AI 27655, P01 AI063302] Funding Source: Medline
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Listeriolysin 0 (LLO) is a pore-forming toxin of the cholesterol -dependent cytolysin family and a primary virulence factor of the grampositive, facultative intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. During the intracellular life cycle of L. monocytogenes, LLO is largely responsible for mediating rupture of the phagosomal membrane, thereby allowing the bacterium access to the host cytosol, its replicative niche. In the host cytosol, LLO activity is controlled at numerous levels to prevent perforation of the plasma membrane and loss of the intracellular environment. In this review, we focus primarily on the role of LLO in phagosomal escape and the multiple regulatory mechanisms that control LLO activity in the host cytosol. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
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