Journal
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
Volume 45, Issue 4, Pages 389-400Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318059beaa
Keywords
Africa; cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response; enzyme-linked immunospot assay; Ethiopia; HIV subtype C; human leukocyte antigen class I
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Knowledge of the most dominant T-cell epitopes in the context of the local human leukocyte antigen (HLA) background is a prerequisite for the development of an effective HIV vaccine. In 100 Ethiopian subjects, 16 different HLA-A, 23 HLA-B, and 12 HLA-C specificities were observed. Ninety-four percent of the population carried at least I of the 5 most common HLA-A and/or HLA-B specificities. HIV-specific T-cell responses were measured in 48 HIV-infected Ethiopian subjects representing a wide range of ethnicities in Ethiopia using the interferon (IFN)-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (Elispot) assay and 49 clade C-specific synthetic Gag peptides. Fifty-eight percent of the HIV-positive study subjects showed T-cell responses directed to 1 or more HIV Gag peptides. Most Gag-specific responses were directed against the subset of peptides spanning Gag p24. The breadth of response ranged from 1 to 9 peptides, with most (78%) individuals showing detectable responses to < 3 Gag peptides. The magnitude of HIV-specific T-cell responses was not associated with HIV viral load but correlated positively with CD4(+) T-cell counts. The most frequently targeted Gag peptides overlapped with those previously described for HIV-1 subtype C-infected southern Africans, and therefore can be used in a multiethnic vaccine.
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