Journal
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
Volume 18, Issue 6, Pages 240-245Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2007.06.005
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The physiological incretins, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), lower blood glucose levels through multiple mechanisms, including enhancement of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Although of demonstrated benefit to glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes, particularly for GLP-1, the half-lives of these peptides are too short for practical therapeutic utility. Here, we discuss recent approaches to incretin-based therapy, including the use of long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists, degradation-resistant GLP-1 analogs, GLP-1 analogs conjugated to albumin, non-peptide small molecules that bind to the GLP-1 receptor, and inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV, the enzyme that degrades both GIP and GLP-1.
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