Size determination of (Bio)conjugated water-soluble colloidal nanoparticles: A comparison of different techniques

The size of inorganic colloidal nanoparticles coated with organic layers of different thickness has been measured with different techniques, including transmission electron microscopy, gel electrophoresis, size exclusion chromatography, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, and thermophoresis. The results are critically compared, and the advantages and disadvantages of the respective methods are discussed.