Journal
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 455, Issue 1, Pages 97-103Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00424-007-0250-2
Keywords
KCNK; PIP2; poly-lysine; stretch; acidosis; arachidonic acid
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TREK-1 is an unconventional K+ channel that is activated by both physical and chemical stimuli. In this study, we show that the inner leaflet membrane phospholipids, including PIP2, exert a mixed stimulatory and inhibitory effect on TREK-1. Intra-cellular phospholipids inhibit basal channel activity and activation by membrane stretch, intra-cellular acidosis and arachidonic acid. However, binding of endogenous negative inner leaflet phospholipids with poly-lysine reduces inhibition and reveals channel stimulation by exogenous intra-cellular phospholipids. A similar effect is observed with PI, PE, PS and PA, unlike DG, demonstrating that the phosphate at position 3 is required although the global charge of the molecule is not critical. Inhibition depends on the distal C-terminal domain that conditions channel mechano-sensitivity, but is independent of the positively charged PIP2 stimulatory site in the proximal C-terminal domain. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of an ion channel dually regulated by membrane phospholipids.
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