Stress generated porosity in anodic alumina formed in sulphuric acid electrolyte

The generation of pores is investigated in anodic films formed at 5 mA cm(-2) on aluminium in 0.4 M sulphuric acid electrolyte at 293 K. The study follows the behaviour of a fine tungsten tracer layer, initially located in the aluminium, during anodizing. Significantly, the tungsten is incorporated into the anodic film with negligible loss of the tracer to the electrolyte. The findings indicate that pores develop primarily due to flow of film material in the barrier layer under the influences of the stresses of film growth. The flow of material from beneath pores toward the cell walls is accommodated by the increased thickness of the anodic film relative to that of the oxidized metal by a factor of about 1.35. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.