Movements by wild brown trout in a boreal river: response to habitat and flow contrasts

Radio transmitters were implanted in wild brown trout, Salmo trutta L., in the River Mana at low summer water flows (n = 18), higher flow in summer (n = 20), and variable, peaking flows in autumn (n = 20), and tracked two to four times day and night for 4-5 weeks. Individuals were caught and released in a 4-km uniformly channelised section, and in a 4-km natural diverse river section. Substantial individual variation in home range and total movement (924-85 818 m(2) and 295-7014 m) suggested flexibility to adapt to local environmental conditions. Fish were stationary most of the time (median movement 0 m), but some individuals undertook few and apparently sporadic longer movements, sometimes involving shifts in home range. No consistent diurnal pattern in movements was found. Trout in the uniform habitat section appeared to have larger home ranges and moved more than trout in the natural section. Differences were, however, not statistically significant in most comparisons, due to large individual variation. Similarly, larger home ranges and movements between trials related to higher flow were found, but differences were generally not significant. No consistent effects of sudden, extreme peaking flows on area use or movements by the brown trout were observed.