Stability of soluble adhesion molecules, selectins, and C-reactive protein at various temperatures: Implications for epidemiological and large-scale clinical studies

Background: We assessed the impact of sample storage conditions on soluble vascular cell adhesion molecules (sVCAM), soluble intracellular adhesion molecules (sICAM-1), soluble WE-selectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and sP-selectin. Methods: Markers were measured by ELISA in venous blood from 10 healthy volunteers on aliquots stored as plasma or whole blood at 4, 21, or 30 degrees C for 1-5 days and after 1-5 freeze-thaw cycles. We compared results on these samples to results for samples processed immediately and stored at -80 degrees C. Statistical models assessed time-related effects and effects of postprocessing conditions. Results: Using an upper limit of 10% variation from baseline with P >0.05, we found that stability duration in plasma was 5 days for sVCAM-1 and sICAM-I and at least 2 days for sE-selectin at 4, 21, and 30 degrees C and 5 days for CRP at 4 and 21 degrees C and 1 day at 30 degrees C. Stability duration in whole blood was 5 days for sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 and at least 2 days for sE-selectin at 4, 21, and 30 degrees C and 5 days for CRP at 4 and 21 degrees C and 2 days at 30 degrees C. sP-selectin was not stable in plasma or whole blood. sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, CRP, and sE-selectin were stable after 5 freeze-thaw cycles. Conclusions: sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and CRP are stable in plasma or whole blood at 4 and 21 degrees C for at least 3 days and sE-selectin for 2 days. sP-selectin is not stable and therefore requires immediate assay. (C) 2007 American Association for Clinical Chemistry