Electrically tunable three-dimensional holographic photonic crystal made of polymer-dispersed liquid crystals using a single prism

An electrically tunable three-dimensional holographic photonic crystal made of polymer-dispersed liquid crystals was fabricated using a specially designed prism. This prism split a collimated laser beam into four beams which interfered with each other at the base of the prism to form a three-dimensional spatial light intensity pattern. The spatial light intensity pattern was then recorded inside a cell filled with poly mer-dispersed liquid crystals to create photonic crystal structures, which were examined by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The diffraction and electrically tunable properties were also presented. The electro-optical response time was also measured.