Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION
Volume 75, Issue 1, Pages 93-113Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11263-007-0043-2
Keywords
model-based face analysis; 2D Active Appearance Models; 3D Morphable Models; representational power; model construction; non-rigid structure-from-motion; factorization; real-time fitting; the inverse compositional algorithm; constrained fitting
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Model-based face analysis is a general paradigm with applications that include face recognition, expression recognition, lip-reading, head pose estimation, and gaze estimation. A face model is first constructed from a collection of training data, either 2D images or 3D range scans. The face model is then fit to the input image(s) and the model parameters used in whatever the application is. Most existing face models can be classified as either 2D (e.g. Active Appearance Models) or 3D (e.g. Morphable Models). In this paper we compare 2D and 3D face models along three axes: (1) representational power, (2) construction, and (3) real-time fitting. For each axis in turn, we outline the differences that result from using a 2D or a 3D face model.
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