Journal
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION
Volume 29, Issue 7, Pages 427-434Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10641960701613852
Keywords
hypertension; mitochondria; mtDNA; oxidative stress; uncoupling proteins
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Hypertension is a condition associated with oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and, increased vascular resistance, representing probably both a cause and a consequence of elevated levels of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species. Mitochondria are important sites of ROS production, and a mitochondrial dysfunction, preceding endothelial dysfunction, might favor the development of hypertension. ROS production may also be induced by RNS, which inhibit the respiratory chain and may be generated through the action of a mitochondrial NO synthase. Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins are involved in both experimental and human hypertension. Finally, an excessive production of ROS may damage mirochondrial DNA, with resultant impairment in the synthesis of some components of the respiratory chain and further ROS production, a vicious cycle that may be implicated in hypertensive states.
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