Journal
ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY
Volume 64, Issue 10, Pages 1531-1533Publisher
AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1001/archneur.64.10.1531
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Objective: To describe the unique case of a patient with multiple sclerosis ( MS) and anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) polyneuropathy who developed MS relapses after treatment with rituximab. Design: Case report. Setting: Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, and Genetics, University of Genova, Genova, Italy. Patient: A 59-year-old man with an 18-year history of MS presented with an unusually rapid progression of paraparesis with hypopallesthesia and areflexia in 4 limbs. Neurophysiological and serological studies led to the diagnosis of anti-MAG polyneuropathy. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis disclosed the loss of oligoclonal IgG bands that were previously detected at MS onset. Intervention: Rituximab was administered at a dosage of 375 mg/m(2)/wk for 4 weeks. Result: The patient developed 2 corticosteroid-responsive MS relapses with improvement of the polyneuropathy. Conclusion: Rituximab can be effective in anti-MAG polyneuropathy but can possibly lead to unexpected consequences in individuals with MS.
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