Journal
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY JOURNAL
Volume 17, Issue 10, Pages 1188-1194Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2007.03.003
Keywords
milk; xanthine oxidoreductase; xanthine oxidase; xanthine dehydrogenase; milk fat globule membranes; vesicles; phospholipids
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and its two forms, xanthine oxidase (XO) and xanthine dehydrogenase (XD), in milk fractions. XOR associated with milk phospholipid membranes was found to be distributed among an intra-membranous pool in which it takes the form of a mixture of XO and XD, with a clear predominance of XD, and a free pool of XO, of which 33% is found in the outer surface of milk fat globule membrane, 20.5% in the outer surface of whey membrane particles, and the remaining 46.7% in apparent solution. The inner-membrane XOR may play a nonenzymatic role in fat secretion, whereas extra-membranous XO is freely available for a role in the innate gland immune system and may affect milk quality. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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