Journal
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
Volume 58, Issue 5, Pages 865-870Publisher
JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21409
Keywords
myelin water fraction; multicompartment analysis; demyelination; multiple sclerosis; postmortem
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Quantitative mapping of the myelin water content can provide significant insight into the pathophysiology of several white matter diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and leukoencephalopathies, and can potentially become a useful clinical tool for early diagnosis of these diseases. In this study, multicompartment analysis of T-2(*) decay (MCAT2(*)) was used for the quantitative mapping of myelin water fraction (MWF). T-2(*) decay of each voxel at multiple slice locations was acquired in fixed human brains using a multigradient-echo (MGRE) pulse sequence with alternating readout gradient polarities. Compared to prior techniques using Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) acquisition, the MGRE acquisition approach has: 1) a very short first echo time (approximate to 2 ms) and echo-spacing (approximate to 1 ms), which allows for the acquisition of multiple sampling points during the fast decay of the myelin water signal; 2) a low RF duty cycle, which is especially important for achieving acceptable specific absorption rate (SAR) levels at high field strengths. Multicompartment analysis was then applied to the T-2(*) decay in each pixel using a 3-pool model of white matter to detect the signal arising from the myelin water, myelinated axonal water, and mixed water compartments.
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