Journal
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
Volume 48, Issue 11, Pages 2325-2333Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1194/jlr.R700011-JLR200
Keywords
sphingosine 1-phosphate; low density lipoprotein; high density lipoprotein; lysosphingolipid; atherosclerosis; endothelial
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The lysosphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a component of HDL. Findings from a growing number of studies indicate that S1P is a mediator of many of the cardiovascular effects of HDL, including the ability to promote vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and angiogenesis, protect against ischemia/reperfusion injury, and inhibit/reverse atherosclerosis. These latter cardioprotective effects are being shown to involve the S1P-mediated suppression of inflammatory processes, including reduction of the endothelial expression of monocyte and lymphocyte adhesion molecules, decreased recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells to sites of infarction, and blocking of cardiomyocyte apoptosis after myocardial infarction. This review article summarizes the evidence that S1P as a component of HDL serves to regulate vascular cell and lymphocyte behaviors associated with cardiovascular (patho) physiology.
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