Early Campanian Grunbach flora of Austria

The Grunbach flora from the Grunbach Formation of the Grunbach - Neue Welt Basin, Austria, is dated to the Early Campanian on the basis of foraminifers found in this formation and marine fossils serving as stratigraphic markers in the underlying (Maiersdorf Formation) and overlying (Piesting Formation) deposits. The Grunbach flora enumerates 53 species assigned to the Equisetopsida (1 species), Polypodiopsida (11 species), Cycadopsida (1 species), Pinopsida (4 species), Liliopsida (6 species), and Magnoliopsida (30 species). These plants constituted several plant communities, among which the following are more or less reliably defined: aquatic, swamp/semiaquatic, juglandaceous and palm wetland forest, riparian, and mesophytic forest. The Grunbach flora grew in a humid subtropical frost-free climate with a hot summer and a short and relatively dry, but not arid, period during the year.