4.7 Article

Selective impairment of drug-metabolizing enzymes in pig liver during subchronic dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1

Journal

FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
Volume 45, Issue 11, Pages 2145-2154

Publisher

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.05.012

Keywords

aflatoxin B1; swine; liver; cytochrome P450; P450 1A; P450 3A

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Consequences of subchronic exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on liver monooxygenase and transferase enzymes were compared in control pigs and pigs given 385, 867 or 1807 mu g AFB1/kg of feed for 4 weeks. Animals exposed to the highest dose of toxin developed clinical signs of aflatoxicosis, like liver fibrosis, hepatic dysfunction and decreased weight gain. This group had significantly lower levels of liver cytochrome P450, ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity, testosterone metabolism, P450 1A and P450 3A protein expression. By comparison, mild degenerative hepatic changes, no hepatic dysfunction but a similar pattern of liver P450 enzymes activity without changes in P450 3A expression were observed in pigs exposed to 867 mu g AFB1/kg of feed. Benzphetamine and aminopyrine N-demethylase activities were increased in pigs exposed to 867 or 1807 mu g AFB1/kg of feed. Pigs exposed to 385 mu g AFB1/kg of feed had low levels of EROD activity and all other biotransformation and clinical parameters remained at control levels. Aniline hydroxylase activity, P450 2C protein expression, UDP-glucuronosyl and glutathione S-transferase activities were unaffected at all doses of AFB1. In conclusion, P450 1A and P450 3A appear to be specific targets of AFB1 even if pig did not display clinical sign of liver toxicosis. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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