Journal
AMERICAN NATURALIST
Volume 175, Issue 3, Pages 374-381Publisher
UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
DOI: 10.1086/650375
Keywords
bacteriocins; spatial scale; genotypic variability; coinfection; entomopathogenic bacterium
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Funding
- National Science Foundation [DEB-0515832]
- Indiana University
- Lilly Endowment
- United States-Israel Educational Foundation
- Israel Science Foundation
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [0919015] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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An individual behaves spitefully when it harms itself in the act of harming other individuals. One of the clearest potential examples of spite is the costly production and release of toxins called bacteriocins. Bacteriocins are toxins produced by bacteria that can kill closely related strains of the same species. Theoretical work has predicted that bacteriocin-mediated interactions could play an important role in maintaining local genetic and/or species diversity, but these interactions have not been studied at biologically relevant scales in nature. Here we studied toxin production and among-strain inhibitions in a natural population of Xenorhabdus bovienii. We found genetic differences and inhibitions between colonies that were collected only a few meters apart. These results suggest that spite exists in natural populations of bacteria.
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