Journal
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
Volume 36, Issue 11, Pages 1516-1523Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11664-007-0222-5
Keywords
high-temperature Pb-free solders; Bi-Ag; substrate dissolution; shear strength
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The present study investigated interfacial reactions between Cu substrates and Bi-Ag alloys during soldering. Without forming intermetallic compounds (IMCs), the molten solder grooved and further penetrated along the grain boundaries (GBs) of the Cu substrate. An increase in Ag content enhanced GB grooving, raised the dissolution rate and also the amount of dissolved Cu in molten Bi. A stoichiometric Cu-Bi phase formed isothermally in liquid solders and considerably affected the Cu dissolution kinetics. The results also show that Bi-Ag/Cu joints possessed a better shear strength than the Pb-Sn/Cu, which implies that mechanical bonding by grain-boundary grooves was strong enough to withstand shear deformation.
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