Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Volume 150, Issue 1, Pages 125-139Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.04.014
Keywords
nitrogen; fluxes; micrometeorology; modelling; landscape; regional up-scaling
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Funding
- Natural Environment Research Council [ceh010023] Funding Source: researchfish
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Recent research in nitrogen exchange with the atmosphere has separated research communities according to N form. The integrated perspective needed to quantify the net effect of N on greenhouse-gas balance is being addressed by the NitroEurope Integrated Project (NEU). Recent advances have depended on improved methodologies, while ongoing challenges include gas-aerosol interactions, organic nitrogen and N-2 fluxes. The NEU strategy applies a 3-tier Flux Network together with a Manipulation Network of global-change experiments, linked by common protocols to facilitate model application. Substantial progress has been made in modelling N fluxes, especially for N2O, NO and bi-directional NH3 exchange. Landscape analysis represents an emerging challenge to address the spatial interactions between farms, fields, ecosystems, catchments and air dispersion/deposition. European up-scaling of N fluxes is highly uncertain and a key priority is for better data on agricultural practices. Finally, attention is needed to develop N flux verification procedures to assess compliance with international protocols. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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