Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
Volume 41, Issue 10, Pages S247-S253Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181572357
Keywords
portal hypertension; variceal bleeding
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Cirrhosis is characterized by marked abnormalities in the hepatic circulation. Functionally, there is an increased vascular tone and impaired flow-mediated vasorelaxation, whereas anatomically there is sinusoidal remodeling and capillarization, angiogenesis, venous thrombosis, and vascular distortion, all contributing to increase hepatic vascular resistance and portal hypertension. However, vascular changes are not limited to the liver, but are also present in the splanchnic organs, heart, lungs, kidney, brain, and skin. Advances in the knowledge of the mechanisms of these abnormalities have disclosed new targets for therapy and ultimately improved survival.
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