Optimization of dyeing of wool with madder and liposomes by central composite design

The preparation and production of multilamellar liposomes from Soya lecithin with 75% phosphatidylcholine were carried out and the behavior of liposomes in dye-bath at different temperature, time, and concentration were examined. It was found that liposomes with concentration of below 3% o.w.f. (on weight of fabric) in the dye-bath increases the amount of K/S for the samples dyed at 85 degrees C or below 85 degrees C for 60 min. Dyeing of wool at higher temperature and longer time with higher concentration of liposomes reduces the color strength. The results showed that using 2% o.w.f. of liposomes in dye-bath at 85 degrees C for 60 min improves the K/S. The Central Composite Design is used for the experimental plan with three variables on the results of color strength. Statistical analysis confirms the optimum conditions obtained by the experimental results. It was also found that wash, light, wet and dry rub fastness properties of samples dyed with madder including liposomes have not changed significantly. (C) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.