Journal
TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
Volume 46, Issue 3-4, Pages 249-262Publisher
SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1007/s11244-007-9003-x
Keywords
hydrogen oxidation; CO oxidation; oxygen reduction; platinum monolayer; fuel cells; electrocatalysis; density functional theory
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We describe a new class of electrocatalysts for the O-2 reduction, and H-2 and methanol oxidation reactions, consisting of a monolayer of Pt deposited on a metal or alloy carbon-supported nanoparticles. These electrocatalysts show up to a 20-fold increase in Pt mass activity compared with conventional all-Pt electrocatalysts. The origin of their increased activity was identified through a combination of experimental methods, employing electrochemical and surface science techniques, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. The long-term tests in fuel cells demonstrated excellent stability of the anode and good stability of the cathode electrocatalysts. We also describe the stabilization of Pt electrocatalysts against dissolution under potential cycling regimes effected by a submonolayer of Au clusters deposited on Pt surfaces. These new electrocatalysts promise to alleviate some of the major problems of existing fuel cell technology.
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