Journal
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 45, Issue 11, Pages 1518-1521Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1086/522986
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Funding
- MRC [G0100221] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [G0100221] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G0100221] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAAA NIH HHS [U24 AA020794] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI069924, U01 AI069919] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH054907] Funding Source: Medline
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We examined the incidence of and risk factors for tuberculosis during the first year of highly active antiretroviral therapy in low-income (4540 patients) and high-income (22,217 patients) countries. Although incidence was much higher in low-income countries, the reduction in the incidence of tuberculosis associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy was similar: the rate ratio for months 7-12 versus months 1-3 was 0.48 (95% confidence interval, 0.36-0.64) in low-income countries and 0.36 (95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.50) in high-income countries. A low CD4 cell count at the start of therapy was the most important risk factor in both settings.
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