Journal
BIOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY-BIOCHIMIE ET BIOLOGIE CELLULAIRE
Volume 85, Issue 6, Pages 663-674Publisher
NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS
DOI: 10.1139/O07-135
Keywords
DNA double-strand breaks; cell-cycle checkpoints; apoptosis; DNA repair; gamma radiation
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DNA double-strand breaks occur frequently in cycling cells, and are also induced by exogenous sources, including ionizing radiation. Cells have developed integrated double-strand break response pathways to cope with these lesions, including pathways that initiate DNA repair (either via homologous recombination or nonhomologous end joining), the cell-cycle checkpoints (G(1)-S, intra-S phase, and G(2)-M) that provide time for repair, and apoptosis. However, before any of these pathways can be activated, the damage must first be recognized. In this review, we will discuss how the response of mammalian cells to DNA double-strand breaks is regulated, beginning with the activation of ATM, the pinnacle kinase of the double-strand break signalling cascade.
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