Journal
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
Volume 65, Issue 12, Pages 2458-2463Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.07.001
Keywords
obesity; disparities; socioeconomic status; wealth; USA; ZIP code area
Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR020774-03, P20 RR020774] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK076608-01A1, R01 DK076608] Funding Source: Medline
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Obesity in the United States has been linked to individual income and education. Less is known about its geographic distribution. The goal of this study was to determine whether obesity rates in King County, Washington State, at the ZIP code scale were associated with area-based measures of socioeconomic status and wealth. Data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were analyzed. At the ZIP code scale, crude obesity rates varied six-fold. In a model adjusting for covariates and spatial dependence, property values were the strongest predictor of the area-based smoothed obesity prevalence. Geocoding of health data provides new insights into the nature of social determinants of health. Disparities in obesity rates by ZIP code area were greater than disparities associated with individual income or race/ethnicity. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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