Malaria Incidence and Prevalence Among Children Living in a Peri-Urban Area on the Coast of Benin, West Africa: A Longitudinal Study

Clinical malaria incidence was determined over 18 months in a cohort of 553 children living in a pen-urban area near Cotonou Three cross-sectional surveys were also carried out Malaria incidence showed a marked seasonal distribution with two peaks the first corresponding to the long rainy season, and the second corresponding to the overflowing of Lake Nokoue. The overall Plasmodium falciparum incidence rate was estimated at 84/1,000 pet son-months, and its prevalence was estimated at over 40% in the two first surveys and 68 9% in the third survey. Multivariate analysis showed that girls and people living in closed houses had a lower risk of clinical malaria Bed net use was associated with a lower risk of malaria infection Conversely, children of families owing a pirogue were at higher risk of clinical malaria Considering the high pyrethroids resistance, indoor residual spraying with either a carbamate or an organophospate insecticide may have a major impact on the malaria burden