Combustion characteristics of compression engine driven by emulsified fuel under various fuel injection angles

In this present work, the various emulsified fuel ratios of 50D:50E (50% Diesel No. 2: 50% ethanol 100% proof), 60D:40E, and 70D:30E have been prepared. Performance C. G. Saravanan and emission tests are carried out for the emulsified fuel ratios and they have been compared with diesel fuel. The test results show that 50D:50E has given the best result based on the performance and less emission than the other fuel ratios. By keeping the selected fuel 50D:50E, the same performance and emission tests are conducted by varying their injection angles at 18 deg, 20 deg, 23 deg, and 24 deg. The outcome shows better performance and less emission by the fuel 50D:50E at 24 deg injection angle (IA). Further ignition delay, maximum heat release, and peak combustion pressure tests have been conducted. These results show that increase in IA decreases the delay period, thus increasing the pressure obtained at the maximum output. Also, P-theta diagram is drawn between crank angle and cylinder pressure. The maximum value is attained by the fuel 50D:50E at 24 deg IA. All the tests have been conducted by maintaining the engine speed at 1500 rpm. The result shows that 5OD:50E ratio fuel has been identified as a good emulsified fuel and its better operation is obtained at 24 deg IA based on its best performance and less emissions.