Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
Volume 293, Issue 6, Pages E1736-E1745Publisher
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00122.2007
Keywords
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma; thiazolidinediones; desnutrin; patatin-like phopholipase domain-containing protein A2; calcium-independent phospholipase A(2)-zeta
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Funding
- NIDDK NIH HHS [K08 DK065833, P30 DK046200, R01-DK-049780, R37-DK-028082, K08 DK065833-04, R01 DK049780, K08-DK-065833, R37 DK028082, P30-DK-46200] Funding Source: Medline
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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma) regulates adipocyte genes involved in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism and is the molecular target for thiazolidinedione (TZD) antidiabetic agents. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is a recently described triglyceride-specific lipase that is induced during adipogenesis and remains highly expressed in mature adipocytes. This study evaluates the ability of PPAR gamma to directly regulate ATGL expression in adipocytes in vitro and in vivo. In fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, ATGL mRNA and protein are increased by TZD and non-TZD PPAR gamma agonists in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Rosiglitazone-mediated induction of ATGL mRNA is rapid and is not inhibited by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, indicating that intervening protein synthesis is not required for this effect. Rosiglitazone-mediated induction of ATGL mRNA and protein is inhibited by the PPAR gamma-specific antagonist GW-9662 and is also significantly reduced following siRNA-mediated knockdown of PPAR gamma, supporting the direct transcriptional regulation of ATGL by PPAR gamma. In vivo, ATGL mRNA and protein are increased by rosiglitazone treatment in white and brown adipose tissue of mice with and without obesity due to high-fat diet or leptin deficiency. Thus, PPAR gamma positively regulates ATGL mRNA and protein expression in mature adipocytes in vitro and in adipose tissue in vivo, suggesting a role for ATGL in mediating PPAR gamma' s effects on lipid metabolism.
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