Journal
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
Volume 32, Issue 12, Pages 2032-2045Publisher
SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1007/s11064-007-9342-9
Keywords
neurodegeneration; stroke; blood-brain barrier; neurogenesis; angiogenesis; neuroprotection
Categories
Funding
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01-NS48422, P01-NS55104, R01-NS56458, R01 NS049430, R01-NS47447, R01-NS37074, R01-NS40529, R01-NS53560, P50-NS10828] Funding Source: Medline
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Historically, the neuron has been the conceptual focus for almost all of neuroscience research. In recent years, however, the concept of the neurovascular unit has emerged as a new paradigm for investigating both physiology and pathology in the CNS. This concept proposes that a purely neurocentric focus is not sufficient, and emphasizes that all cell types in the brain including neuronal, glial and vascular components, must be examined in an integrated context. Cell-cell signaling and coupling between these different compartments form the basis for normal function. Disordered signaling and perturbed coupling form the basis for dysfunction and disease. In this mini-review, we will survey four examples of this phenomenon: hemodynamic neurovascular coupling linking blood flow to brain activity; cellular communications that evoke the blood-brain barrier phenotype; parallel systems that underlie both neurogenesis and angiogenesis in the CNS; and finally, the potential exchange of trophic factors that may link neuronal, glial and vascular homeostasis.
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