Journal
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
Volume 17, Issue 6, Pages 469-479Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2007.07.004
Keywords
HLA-G; immune escape; immune-mediated diseases; transplantation; tumors
Categories
Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA067108-08, P01 CA109688, P01 CA109688-020003, P01CA109688, R01 CA110249, R01CA110249, R01 CA110249-02, R01 CA067108, R01CA67108] Funding Source: Medline
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HLA-G is a non-classical HLA-class Ib molecule with multiple immunoregulatory properties. Its main function in physiological conditions is to abrogate maternal NK cell activity against foetal tissue and to establish immune tolerance at maternal-foetal interface. HLA-G is expressed not only as a membrane bound molecule on the surface of cells, but also as a soluble moiety in body fluids. The major isoforms of HLA-G present in serum are soluble HLA-G1 and HLA-G5 which are generated by shedding or proteolytic cleavage of the membrane bound isoform and by secretion of a soluble isoform, respectively. Here we review the data about soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) serum levels in different pathological conditions, including immune-mediated disorders, transplantation and malignancies. In particular, we focus on sHLA-G expression and function in human neuroblastoma, a pediatric tumor, with special emphasis on a novel potential immuno escape mechanism utilized by NB to instruct monocytes to produce and release sHLA-G. Finally, the potential clinical relevance of sHLA-G serum levels is discussed. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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