Journal
FEBS LETTERS
Volume 582, Issue 1, Pages 97-105Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.11.057
Keywords
insulin resistance; inflammation; cytokines; macrophage
Funding
- NICHD NIH HHS [U54 HD012303] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R37 DK033651, DK074868, R37 DK033651-25, DK007494, P01 DK074868, DK033651, P01 DK074868-01A1S1, T32 DK007494, T32 DK007494-24] Funding Source: Medline
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Obesity-induced chronic inflammation is a key component in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and the Metabolic syndrome. In this review, we focus on the interconnection between obesity, inflammation and insulin resistance. Proinflammatory cytokines can cause insulin resistance in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver by inhibiting insulin signal transduction. The sources of cytokines in insulin resistant states are the insulin target tissue themselves, primarily fat and liver, but to a larger extent the activated tissue resident macrophages. While the initiating factors of this inflammatory response remain to be fully determined, chronic inflammation in these tissues could cause localized insulin resistance via autocrine/paracrine cytokine signaling and systemic insulin resistance via endocrine cytokine signaling all of which contribute to the abnormal metabolic state. (C) 2007 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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