Journal
JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
Volume 10, Issue 2, Pages 357-363Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11051-007-9241-7
Keywords
carbon-doped; titanium dioxide; solar cells; photovoltaic effect; sol-gel process; nanocomposites; energy conversion
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In this paper, we have demonstrated that carbon-doped nanostructured TiO2 (CD ns-TiO2) films could be prepared simply and cheaply with oxalic acid and tetrabutylammonium bromide (Bu4N center dot Br) as the carbon sources. The surface morphology of the films was a multiple-porous network structure.The average size of nanoparticle was about 40 nm. Carbon doped into substitutional sites of TiO2 has also proven to be indispensable for band-gap narrowing and photovoltaic effect. Carbon doping lowered the band gap of n-TiO2 to 1.98, 1.64, and 1.26 eV. The CD ns-TiO2 film was first used as photoanode for solar cells, exhibiting high photocurrent densities (1.34 mA/cm(2) and yielding an overall conversion efficiency (eta) of 4.42 %.
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