Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
Volume 37, Issue 1, Pages 120-132Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dym159
Keywords
epidemiologic methods; genetics; genomics; causality; evidence
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Funding
- MRC [MC_U105285807] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [MC_U105285807] Funding Source: researchfish
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Established guidelines for causal inference in epidemiological studies may be inappropriate for genetic associations. A consensus process was used to develop guidance criteria for assessing cumulative epidemiologic evidence in genetic associations. A proposed semi-quantitative index assigns three levels for the amount of evidence, extent of replication, and protection from bias, and also generates a composite assessment of strong, moderate or weak epidemiological credibility. In addition, we discuss how additional input and guidance can be derived from biological data. Future empirical research and consensus development are needed to develop an integrated model for combining epidemiological and biological evidence in the rapidly evolving field of investigation of genetic factors.
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