Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
Volume 167, Issue 3, Pages 313-320Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwm306
Keywords
inflammation; vitamin D; vitamin K
Categories
Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01066, M01 RR001066] Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL058090-07, T32HL69772-0141, HL076784, HL064753, HL58090, N01HC25195, N01-HC-38038, N01 HC025195, R01 HL064753-04, R01 HL076784-01, R01 HL058090-02, K24 HL004334, R01 HL058090, HC-25195, R01 HL076784-05, R01 HL076784, 2K24HL04334] Funding Source: Medline
- NIA NIH HHS [AG028321, R01 AG028321, R01 AG028321-03, AG14759, R01 AG014759-04] Funding Source: Medline
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In vitro data suggest protective roles for vitamins K and D in inflammation. To examine associations between vitamins K and D and inflammation in vivo, the authors used multiple linear regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, triglyceride concentrations, use of aspirin, use of lipid-lowering medication, season, menopausal status, and hormone replacement therapy. Participants were from the Framingham Offspring Study (1997-2001; n = 1,381; mean age = 59 years; 52% women). Vitamin K status, measured by plasma phylloquinone concentration and phylloquinone intake, was inversely associated with circulating inflammatory markers as a group and with several individual inflammatory biomarkers (p < 0.01). Percentage of undercarboxylated osteocalcin, a functional measure of vitamin K status, was not associated with overall inflammation but was associated with C-reactive protein (p < 0.01). Although plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D was inversely associated with urinary isoprostane concentration, an indicator of oxidative stress (p < 0.01), overall associations between vitamin D status and inflammation were inconsistent. The observation that high vitamin K status was associated with lower concentrations of inflammatory markers suggests that a possible protective role for vitamin K in inflammation merits further investigation.
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