CT of gastrointestinal complications associated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

OBJECTIVE. This article illustrates the characteristic CT findings of bowel damage related to drug toxicity, conditioning regimen, infections, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. CONCLUSION. Although some overlap exists in the CT appearances of the different causes of bowel wall inflammation, the findings are frequently unique enough to suggest a specific diagnosis. Awareness of the specific time of occurrence, intensity of clinical symptoms, preferred localization, and extent of accompanying extraintestinal findings help to distinguish the different pathologic entities.