Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
Volume 189, Issue 6, Pages 684-696Publisher
AMER THORACIC SOC
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201310-1777OC
Keywords
environmental exposure; public health; metaanalysis
Categories
Funding
- Academy of Finland [129317]
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health
- University of Oslo
- Municipality of Oslo
- Swedish Environmental Protection Agency
- Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation
- Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research
- The Swedish Ministry for Higher Education
- National Institutes of Health [AG-08724, U01-066134]
- Swedish Research Council [M-2005-1112]
- GenomEUtwin [EU/QLRT-2001-01254, QLG2-CT-2002-01254]
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, and Heart and Lung Foundation [20070481]
- Dutch Ministry of Public Health
- Welfare and Sports
- Netherlands Cancer Registry
- LK Research Funds
- Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland)
- World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)
- Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands)
- Ministry of the Environment of North-Rhine-Westfalia (Germany)
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
- Academy of Finland (AKA) [129317, 129317] Funding Source: Academy of Finland (AKA)
- Medical Research Council [G0801056] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [G0801056] Funding Source: UKRI
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Rationale: Prospective cohort studies have shown that chronic exposure to particulate matter and traffic-related air pollution is associated with reduced survival. However, the effects on nonmalignant respiratory mortality are less studied, and the data reported are less consistent. Objectives: We have investigated the relationship of long-term exposure to air pollution and nonmalignant respiratory mortality in 16 cohorts with individual level data within the multicenter European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). Methods: Data from 16 ongoing cohort studies from Europe were used. The total number of subjects was 307,553. There were 1,559 respiratory deaths during follow-up. Measurements and Main Results: Air pollution exposure was estimated by land use regression models at the baseline residential addresses of study participants and traffic-proximity variables were derived from geographical databases following a standardized procedure within, the ESCAPE study. Cohort-specific hazard ratios obtained by Cox proportional hazard models from standardized individual cohort analyses were combined using metaanalyses. We found no significant associations between air pollution exposure and nonmalignant respiratory mortality. Most hazard ratios were slightly below unity, with the exception of the traffic-proximity indicators. Conclusions: In this study of 16 cohorts, there was no-association between air pollution exposure and nonmalignant respiratory mortality.
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