Arrays of Carbon Nanotubes Aligned Perpendicular to the Substrate Surface: Anisotropy of Structure and Properties

Arrays of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) aligned perpendicular to the substrate surface have been produced by the pyrolysis of a mixture of hydrocarbons with ferrocene as the source of the catalyst. Based on scanning electron microscopy data, the mechanism of formation of aligned CNT arrays is proposed. The potential of angle-resolved X-ray spectroscopy for determining the degree of disorder of graphite layers in CNTs is demonstrated. Aligned CNT arrays are characterized by anisotropy of magnetic properties due to encapsulation of metallic rods in the inner cavities of nanotubes.