Dissemination and Implementation Research on Community-Based Cancer Prevention A Systematic Review

Context: An extensive array of effective interventions for the prevention of cancer exists, suggesting that evidence is ready for widespread use. However, few of these approaches have been extensively utilized in real-world settings. Further, little is known on how to best disseminate and Implement evidence-based interventions for the primary prevention of cancer in community settings. Evidence acquisition: A systematic review of the dissemination and implementation literature was conducted between 2006 and 2008 in the topic areas of smoking, healthy diet, physical activity, and sun protection English-language peer-reviewed articles published between 1980 and 2008 that met the inclusion criteria were classified by suitability of study design (i.e., greatest, moderate, least), quality of execution (i.e., good, fair, limited); and effectiveness (i.e, substantial, some, or little/no evidence of effectiveness) and were abstracted for dissemination- and implementation-related content Evidence synthesis: Twenty-five unique dissemination and implementation studies were identified The majority of included studies were conducted in the U S, in schools, and with children as the ultimate target population, had the least suitability of study design, had fair or limited execution, and used a theoretic framework, active dissemination and implementation approaches, and multimodal strategies There was considerable heterogeneity across studies in reported mediators, moderators, and outcomes. Conclusions: Key implications from this review include the need for uniform language, studies targeting various populations and settings, valid and reliable measures, triangulation of and more practice-based evidence, standardized reporting criteria, and act we and multimodal strategies (Am J Prev Med 2010,38(4) 443-456) (C) 2010 American Journal of Preventive Medicine