α-Crystallin B prevents apoptosis after H2O2 exposure in mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes

Chis R, Sharma P, Bousette N, Miyake T, Wilson A, Backx PH, Gramolini AO. alpha-Crystallin B prevents apoptosis after H2O2 exposure in mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 303: H967-H978, 2012. First published August 17, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00040.2012.-alpha-Crystallin B (cryAB) is the most abundant small heat shock protein in cardiomyocytes (CMs) and has been shown to have potent antiapoptotic properties. Because the mechanism by which cryAB prevents apoptosis has not been fully characterized, we examined its protective effects at the cellular level by silencing cryAB in mouse neonatal CMs using lentivector-mediated transduction of short hairpin RNAs. Subcellular fractionation of whole hearts showed that cryAB is cytosolic under control conditions, and after H2O2 exposure, it translocates to the mitochondria. Phosphorylated cryAB (PcryAB) is mainly associated with the mitochondria, and any residual cytosolic PcryAB translocates to the mitochondria after H2O2 exposure. H2O2 exposure caused increases in cryAB and PcryAB levels, and cryAB silencing resulted in increased levels of apoptosis after exposure to H2O2. Coimmuno-precipitation assays revealed an apparent interaction of both cryAB and PcryAB with mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC), translocase of outer mitochondrial membranes 20 kDa (TOM 20), caspase 3, and caspase 12 in mouse cardiac tissue. Our results are consistent with the conclusion that the cardioprotective effects of cryAB are mediated by its translocation from the cytosol to the mitochondria under conditions of oxidative stress and that cryAB interactions with VDAC, TOM 20, caspase 3, and caspase 12 may be part of its protective mechanism.