Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
Volume 294, Issue 3, Pages E630-E639Publisher
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00704.2007
Keywords
leptin receptor; energy balance; glucose tolerance; insulin sensitivity; fat distribution
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Funding
- NICHD NIH HHS [R15 HD046479] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-56863, DK-73505, DK-75255, DK-17844, F32 DK075255, DK-54080] Funding Source: Medline
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Leptin regulates energy balance and glucose homeostasis, at least in part, via activation of receptors in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus located in proopiomelanocortin ( POMC) neurons. Females have greater sensitivity to central leptin than males, suggested by a greater anorectic effect of central leptin administration in females. We hypothesized that the regulation of energy balance and peripheral glucose homeostasis of female rodents would be affected to a greater extent than in males if the action of leptin in POMC neurons were disturbed. Male and female mice lacking leptin receptors only in POMC neurons gained significantly more body weight and accumulated more body fat. However, female mice gained disproportionately more visceral adiposity than males, and this appeared to be largely the result of differences in energy expenditure. When maintained on a high-fat diet (HFD), both male and female mutants had higher levels of insulin following exogenous glucose challenges. Chow-and HFD-fed males but not females had abnormal glucose disappearance curves following insulin administrations. Collectively, these data indicate that the action of leptin in POMC neurons is sexually different to influence the regulation of energy balance, fat distribution, and glucose homeostasis.
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