Journal
PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
Volume 22, Issue 2, Pages 278-287Publisher
EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION
DOI: 10.1037/0893-164X.22.2.278
Keywords
eating disorder; risk factor; expectancy; thinness; restricting
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To test the eating disorder expectancy theory contention that expectancies for reinforcement from thinness play a causal role in body dissatisfaction and eating disorder symptoms, the authors manipulated expectancies in 2 studies. Participants were exposed to either a psychoeducational intervention or an experimental manipulation of thinness and restricting expectancies. Study I participants were symptomatic college women who attended 3 experimental sessions and I follow-up session, each I week apart. Study 2 participants were high school girls who received the 3 experimental sessions clustered into 2 meetings; they completed symptom measures at baseline and at follow-up. In both samples, the thinness expectancy manipulation produced greater declines in thinness expectancies and body dissatisfaction than did the psychoeducational intervention. For high school girls, the thinness expectancy manipulation also produced a greater decline in overall eating-disordered attitudes. These results provide further support for the role of expectancies in the etiology of eating-disordered behaviors.
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