Journal
GEOJOURNAL
Volume 72, Issue 3-4, Pages 185-197Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10708-008-9183-3
Keywords
Citizen networks; Collaborative systems; Environmental monitoring; Information and communication technologies; Public participation; Sensory data; Volunteered geographic information; Sensory information
Categories
Funding
- SchoolSenses@ Internet Project [POSC/EIA/56954/2004]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [POSC/EIA/56954/2004] Funding Source: FCT
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Citizen participation in environmental monitoring is not a new idea. However, recent developments in information and communication technologies (ICT), such as the social web and the miniaturization of sensors, have created new opportunities to promote citizen participation in environmental monitoring. The analysis of existing citizen initiatives that use ICT tools, identified the need for a framework conceptualizing ways to increase the contribution of volunteered geographic data in environmental monitoring. Environmental Collaborative Monitoring Networks (ECMN) are proposed in this paper as a framework that combines the concepts of traditional environmental monitoring networks with the ideals of the open source movement. Such framework can guide the creation of fixed and mobile monitoring networks and is organized based on three building blocks: (1) Motivated Citizens; (2) Sensing Devices; and (3) Back-End Information Infrastructure. To illustrate the issues involved in the implementation of the building blocks of ECMN, the Senses@ Watch project is presented, which explored the use of sensory data as a source of monitoring data.
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