Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
Volume 32, Issue 9, Pages 1662-1668Publisher
AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY
DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A2574
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Funding
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society [TR3760A3]
- National Institutes of Health [K01EB009120, K99NS064098, P41RR015241]
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
- EMD Serono
- Novartis
- University of California, Los Angeles
- Philips Healthcare
- Heidelberg Engineering
- Biogen-Idec
- Teva
- Bayer
- Serono
- Genentech
- Vertex
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There is a well-known relationship between MS and damage to the optic nerve, but advanced, quantitative MR imaging methods have not been applied to large cohorts. Our objective was to determine whether a short imaging protocol (<10 minutes), implemented with standard hardware, could detect abnormal water diffusion in the optic nerves of patients with MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined water diffusion in human optic nerves via DTI in the largest MS cohort reported to date (104 individuals, including 38 optic nerves previously affected by optic neuritis). We also assessed whether such abnormalities are associated with loss of visual acuity (both high and low contrast) and damage to the retinal nerve fiber layer (assessed via optical coherence tomography). RESULTS: The most abnormal diffusion was found in the optic nerves of patients with SPMS, especially in optic nerves previously affected by optic neuritis (19% drop in FA). DTI abnormalities correlated with both retinal nerve fiber layer thinning (correlation coefficient, 0.41) and loss of visual acuity, particularly at high contrast and in nerves previously affected by optic neuritis (correlation coefficient, 0.54). However, diffusion abnormalities were overall less pronounced than retinal nerve fiber layer thinning. CONCLUSIONS: DTI is sensitive to optic nerve damage in patients with MS, but a short imaging sequence added to standard clinical protocols may not be the most reliable indicator of optic nerve damage.
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