Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
Volume 40, Issue 7, Pages 601-605Publisher
MOSBY-ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.11.011
Keywords
Surveillance; Immunocompromised
Funding
- National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [5KL2RR025006-04]
- NIH Roadmap for Medical Research
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Background: Parainfluenza viruses cause respiratory tract infections in adults and children, with peak activity during the spring and summer months. Human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hPIV-3) can contribute to significant morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods: Automated surveillance software was used to identify an hPIV-3 outbreak in an HSCT clinic. Active surveillance for respiratory illness and infection control measures were instituted. A retrospective molecular investigation of outbreak viral strains was performed by direct sequencing. Results: Twelve of 196 HSCT recipients attending the clinic during the outbreak period had hPIV-3; one of these patients died. Sequencing demonstrated highly related strains in 9 of 10 patients studied. Despite the ongoing presence of hPIV-3 outside the inpatient/outpatient care continuum clinic, only 2 cases were observed after institution of respiratory season infection control measures. Conclusions: This investigation demonstrates the utility of surveillance software in the identification of respiratory virus outbreaks and the importance of rapid implementation of infection control/prevention measures for containment of outbreaks. Copyright (C) 2012 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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