Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
Volume 25, Issue 12, Pages 1299-1304Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2012.128
Keywords
blood pressure; endothelial dysfunction; endothelial function biomarkers; essential hypertension; hypertension; ischemia-reactive hyperemia (IRH); olive oil polyphenols
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Funding
- CITOLIVA Foundation
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III [RD06/0014/0035]
- Junta de Andalucia [CVI-4352]
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BACKGROUND Olive oil polyphenols have been associated with several cardiovascular health benefits. This study aims to examine the influence of a polyphenol-rich olive oil on blood pressure (BP) and endothelial function in 24 young women with high-normal BP or stage 1 essential hypertension. METHODS We conducted a double-blind, randomized, crossover dietary-intervention study. After a run-in period of 4 months (baseline values), two diets were used, one with polyphenol-rich olive oil (similar to 30 mg/day), the other with polyphenol-free olive oil. Each dietary period lasted 2 months with a 4-week washout between diets. Systolic and diastolic BP, serum or plasma biomarkers of endothelial function, oxidative stress, and inflammation, and ischemia-induced hyperemia in the forearm were measured. RESULTS When compared to baseline values, only the polyphenol-rich olive oil diet led to a significant (P < 0.01) decrease of 7.91 mm Hg in systolic and 6.65 mm Hg of diastolic BP. A similar finding was found for serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) (-0.09 0.01 mu mol/l, P < 0.01), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) (-28.2 +/- 28.5 mu g/l, P < 0.01), and plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) (-1.9 +/- 1.3 mg/l, P < 0.001). The polyphenol-rich olive oil diet also elicited an increase in plasma nitrites/nitrates (+4.7 +/- 6.6 mu mol/l, P < 0.001) and hyperemic area after ischemia (+345 +/- 386 perfusion units (PU)/sec, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We concluded that the consumption of a diet containing polyphenol-rich olive oil can decrease BP and improve endothelial function in young women with high-normal BP or stage 1 essential hypertension.
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