Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
Volume 24, Issue 1, Pages 77-82Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2010.176
Keywords
black-white; blood pressure; blood pressure variability; childhood; hypertension
Categories
Funding
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [HD-061437, HD-062783]
- American Heart Association [0855082E]
- Tulane University [546145G1]
- National Institute on Aging [AG-16592]
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH &HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [R03HD062783, R03HD061437] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING [R01AG016592] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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BACKGROUND Blood pressure (BP) is a variable physiological parameter in health and disease. Increased BP variability over time in adults is associated with severity of end-organ damage and a higher rate of cardiovascular events, even after adjusting for the mean levels. This study tested the hypothesis that childhood BP variability, besides the mean levels, is also predictive of adulthood hypertension. METHODS The study cohort consisted of 1,797 subjects (1,091 whites and 706 blacks; age = 21-48 years) enrolled in the Bogalusa Heart Study since childhood. BP variability was depicted as s.d. of 4-8 serial measurements in childhood. RESULTS Blacks showed significantly greater childhood systolic BP (SBP) variability than whites. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, adjusting for race, sex, mean childhood age, s.d. of childhood body mass index (BMI), mean childhood BP levels, adulthood age and BMI, adult hypertension was significantly associated with s.d. of childhood SBP (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence intervals) = 1.28 (1.09, 1.51), P = 0.002) and s.d. of childhood diastolic BP (DBP; 1.36 (1.16, 1.58), P < 0.001). When using adulthood BP levels as continuous dependent variables in linear regression models, adjusting for the same covariates, adulthood SBP and DBP levels were significantly associated with s.d. of childhood SBP (standardized regression coefficient beta = 0.086, P < 0.001) and s.d. of childhood DBP (beta = 0.105, P < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Increases in BP variations as well as levels in early life are predictive of adult hypertension, which underscore the childhood origin of the natural history of essential hypertension.
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