Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
Volume 108, Issue 5, Pages 778-785Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2013.95
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Funding
- NHMRC [353514, 403981, 634445, 1042370]
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
- Australian Heart Foundation/Beyond Blue Strategic Research Initiative [G08P4036]
- University of Western Australia (UWA)
- Raine Medical Research Foundation
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC)
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research
- UWA Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences
- Women's and Infants' Research Foundation
- Curtin University
- MRC [U105960389]
- Medical Research Council [MC_U105960389] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [MC_U105960389] Funding Source: UKRI
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OBJECTIVES: Poor dietary habits have been implicated in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, little is known about the role of specific dietary patterns in the development of NAFLD. We examined prospective associations between dietary patterns and NAFLD in a population-based cohort of adolescents. METHODS: Participants in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study completed a food frequency questionnaire at 14 years and had liver ultrasound at 17 years (n=995). Healthy and Western dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis and all participants received a z-score for these patterns. Prospective associations between the dietary pattern scores and risk of NAFLD were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: NAFLD was present in 15.2% of adolescents. A higher Western dietary pattern score at 14 years was associated with a greater risk of NAFLD at 17 years (odds ratio (OR) 1.59; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17-2.14; P<0.005), although these associations were no longer significant after adjusting for body mass index at 14 years. However, a healthy dietary pattern at 14 years appeared protective against NAFLD at 17 years in centrally obese adolescents (OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.41-0.96; P=0.033), whereas a Western dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk of NAFLD. CONCLUSIONS: A Western dietary pattern at 14 years in a general population sample was associated with an increased risk of NAFLD at 17 years, particularly in obese adolescents. In centrally obese adolescents with NAFLD, a healthy dietary pattern may be protective, whereas a Western dietary pattern may increase the risk.
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