Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
Volume 179, Issue 1, Pages 85-94Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt232
Keywords
cancer; cohort studies; hazard ratio; Parkinson's disease; siblings
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Research Council (SIMSAM) [80748301]
- Swedish Parkinson Foundation
- Swedish Medical Society
- Swedish Society for Medical Research
- Swedish Brain Foundation
- Intramural Research Program of the US National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01ES-101986]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES [ZIAES101986, Z01ES101986, ZIAES044007] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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We wanted to compare cancer incidence rates between Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and persons without PD, as well as between siblings of these groups. We conducted a family-based matched cohort study based on nationwide Swedish health registries and the Swedish Multi-Generation Register. We assessed risk of incident cancer in PD patients (n = 11,786) during 1964-2009 versus a matched cohort of PD-free individuals (n = 58,930) and in siblings of PD patients (n = 16,841) versus siblings of PD-free individuals (n = 84,205). Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. Cancer occurrence was slightly higher in PD patients than in PD-free individuals (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.10), largely because of cancers arising within 1 year before or after the index date for PD, but risk of smoking-related cancers was lower (HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.79, 0.96). PD patients had a higher risk of melanoma both up to 1 year before the PD index date (HR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.23, 1.91) and from 1 year after the index date onward (HR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.01, 2.10). In the sibling comparison, cancer occurrence was largely similar. These results indicate that melanoma risk is higher among PD patients and that mechanisms other than familial ones explain the association.
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