Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
Volume 94, Issue 2, Pages 450-458Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.111.013771
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Funding
- Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique [PHRC 0702]
- Contrat de Recherche Clinique [CRC P050318]
- Contrat Fondation de la Recherche Medicale
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut National des Sciences Biologiques
- ANR
- Commission of the European Communities [HEALTH-F2-2008-201100]
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Background: Obesity is considered a low-grade inflammatory state that improves with weight loss. In addition to acute-phase proteins, other cytokines might contribute to systemic inflammation. Objective: Our objective was to compare serum concentrations of a large panel of inflammation-related factors in obese and normal-weight subjects and to determine kinetic changes induced by caloric restriction. Design: The cohort comprised 14 normal-weight women and 51 obese women who were followed over 2 y after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Multiplexed proteomics were used to simultaneously assay 27 cytokines and growth factors in serum. Results: Concentrations of interleukin (IL)-9, IL-1-receptor antagonist, IL-10, interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, IL-8, RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), monokine induced by interferon-gamma, and vascular endothelial growth factor were found to be elevated in obesity. IL-10 was further elevated in diabetic obese patients, whereas eotaxin was found to be higher only in diabetic subjects. After surgery, many factors showed a biphasic pattern of variation, decreasing sharply at month 3 before rising back to presurgical values at month 6; these changes closely tracked similar kinetic changes in calorie and carbohydrate intake. After 1 y, an overall reduction in cytokines accompanied the reduction in body mass index and an amelioration in metabolic status. Conclusions: Obesity is associated with elevated circulating concentrations of a large panel of cytokines. Coordinated kinetic changes during weight loss suggest an early influence of calorie and carbohydrate intakes, whereas a longer-term reduction in corpulence might prevail in regulating circulating cytokine concentrations. This trial is registered at clincaltrials.gov as NCT00476658. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:450-8.
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